Oral glucose as an analgesic to reduce infant distress following immunization at the age of 3, 5 and 12 months

Acta Paediatr. 2007 Feb;96(2):233-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00021.x.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate oral glucose as an analgesic to reduce infant distress after immunization during the first year of life and to investigate if these effects change during this period.

Methods: A prospective controlled trial of the effectiveness of glucose on crying response to immunizations at 3, 5 and 12 months of age. A total of 110 infants were randomized to receive 2 mL of 30% glucose or water. The same solution was given at 3, 5 and 12 months. Crying was registered from onset of the injection up to 120 seconds. Infanrix Polio Hib was administered intra-muscular in the thigh. Observation nurse and parents were blind to the nature of the solution.

Results: Administration of glucose reduced the mean crying time by 22% at 3 months, 62% at 5 months and 52% at 12 months. The difference was significant at 5 and at 12 months. In the water group, there was a significant correlation between the children who cried at 3 months and who subsequently cried at 5 and 12 months. No correlations were found in the glucose group.

Conclusion: Sweet solution can be used as a simple and safe method to reduce the distress following immunization in infants up to 12 months.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Crying
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / administration & dosage
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucose / administration & dosage*
  • Haemophilus Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Injections, Intramuscular / adverse effects*
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain / prevention & control*
  • Pain / psychology*
  • Pharmaceutical Solutions
  • Prospective Studies
  • Stress, Psychological / etiology
  • Stress, Psychological / prevention & control*
  • Sweetening Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
  • Haemophilus Vaccines
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines
  • Pharmaceutical Solutions
  • Sweetening Agents
  • diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-Hib-hepatitis B vaccine
  • Glucose